目的 對比研究銀馬解毒顆粒與肺力咳合劑、桔貝合劑、復(fù)方鮮竹瀝液的祛痰作用。方法 實驗動物根據(jù)體質(zhì)量分層分組，隨機分為對照組，銀馬解毒顆粒低、中、高劑量（小鼠3.1、6.2、12.4 g/kg，大鼠1.55、3.10、6.20 g/kg，相當(dāng)于臨床成人日等效劑量的0.5、1.0、2.0倍）組，肺力咳合劑（小鼠12 mL/kg，大鼠6 mL/kg）組，桔貝合劑（小鼠8 mL/kg，大鼠4 mL/kg）組，復(fù)方鮮竹瀝液（小鼠10 mL/kg，大鼠5 mL/kg）組。除銀馬解毒顆粒組，其余各組均采用臨床成人日等效劑量。每組又分為連續(xù)給藥 3、5、7 d 3個亞組，共計21組，每組10只，雌雄各半。采用小鼠氣管段酚紅排泌法和大鼠毛細玻管法，通過檢測酚紅濃度及測量毛細管液柱的長度，考察藥物在不同給藥時間、不同劑量下的祛痰作用強度和特點。結(jié)果 小鼠酚紅實驗中，與對照組比較，各給藥組均能增加氣管段酚紅排泌量，給藥3 d銀馬解毒顆粒低劑量組無顯著差異，其余各給藥組具有極顯著性差異（P<0.001）；與銀馬解毒顆粒中劑量組比較，給藥7 d時，肺力咳合劑組、桔貝合劑組酚紅排泌量顯著減少（P<0.05）。大鼠毛細玻管實驗中，與對照組比較，各給藥組均能增加大鼠排痰量，給藥3 d銀馬解毒顆粒低劑量組和桔貝合劑組無顯著性差異，其余各給藥組具有顯著或極顯著性差異（P<0.05、0.001）；與銀馬解毒顆粒中劑量組比較，給藥5 d時，肺力咳合劑組大鼠排痰量增多，差異顯著（P<0.05）。銀馬解毒顆粒祛痰作用隨劑量增加和時間延長而增強。結(jié)論 銀馬解毒顆粒與肺力咳合劑、桔貝合劑、復(fù)方鮮竹瀝液均具有祛痰作用，其中，銀馬解毒顆粒祛痰作用呈現(xiàn)量-時-效關(guān)系。

Objective To compare the expectorant effects and characteristics of Yinma Jiedu Granules, Feilike Mixture, Jubei Mixture, and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid. Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into three subgroups: 3-day administration group, 5-day administration group and 7-day administration group. Each subgroup was divided into control group, Yinma Jiedu Granules low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups, Feilike Mixture group, Jubei Mixture group and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid group. Phenol red excretion method in mouse trachea and capillary tube method in rat were used to detect the concentration of phenol red and measure the length of capillary liquid column, so as to investigate the strength and characteristics of expectorant effect of drugs at different doses and times of administration. Results In the mice experiment, compared with the control group, each administration group could increase the secretion of phenol red in trachea segment, and there was no significant difference in yinma jiedu granules low-dose group in 3-day administration group, there was extremely significant difference in the other administration groups (P<0.001). Compared with Yinmajiedu Granules medium dose group, the secretion of phenol red in Feilike Mixture group and Jubei Mixture group was significantly decreased at 7-day administration group (P<0.05). In the rat experiment, compared with the control group, each administration group can increase the amount of sputum in rats. There was no significant difference in the increase in the low-dose Yinma Jiedu Granules group and the Jubei Mixture group in 3-day administration group, but there were significant or extremely significant differences in the other administration groups (P<0.05 and 0.001). Compared with the middle-dose group of Yinma Jiedu Granules, the amount of sputum in the Feilike Mixture group was significantly increased at 5-day administration group (P<0.05). Moreover, the expectorant effect of Yinma Jiedu Granules increased with increasing dose and time. Conclusion Yinma Jiedu Granules, Feilike Mixture, Jubei Mixture and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid all have expectorant effect, and the expectorant effect intensity of Yinma Jiedu Granule shows a dose-time-effect relationship.

R285.5