目的 建立大鼠脾虛模型，評價復方黃芪健脾口服液（FFHQ）的健脾消食作用。方法 60只雄性大鼠隨機分為6組：對照組、模型組、啟脾口服液（陽性藥，10 mL·kg^-1）組和FFHQ低、中、高劑量（生藥3.25、6.50、13.00 g·kg^-1）組，每組10只。除對照組外，其余各組大鼠ig給予250 mg·mL^-1大黃水溶液15 mL·kg^-1，上下午各1次，每天2次，連續(xù)7 d，制備脾虛模型。造模成功后，各組ig給藥，對照組和模型組給予去離子水，給藥體積均為10 mL·kg^-1，每天2次，連續(xù)7 d。每天觀察記錄動物外觀體征、行為活動，每周檢測體質量和攝食量；給藥結束檢測胃排空功能、食物利用率；試劑盒法檢測血清胃泌素（GAS）、胃動素（MOT）和血管活性腸肽（VIP）濃度；全自動血液分析儀測定大鼠紅細胞計數(shù)（RBC）、血紅蛋白（HGB）、紅細胞容積（HCT）、白細胞計數(shù)（WBC）、紅細胞分布寬度（RDW）、網(wǎng)織紅細胞絕對值（RET#）以及網(wǎng)織紅細胞（RET）、淋巴細胞（LYMPH）、單核細胞（MONO）、中性粒細胞（NEUT）、嗜堿性粒細胞（BASO）、嗜酸性粒細胞（EO）的比率；取脾臟、胸腺稱質量，計算脾臟、胸腺臟器系數(shù)；采集胃、十二指腸、結腸、直腸、脾臟、胸腺，HE染色后觀察組織病理學變化。結果 造模期間，對照組未見異常；與對照組比較，其他各組皆出現(xiàn)消瘦、稀便、活動減少等脾虛癥狀；造模結束時，與對照組比較，其他各組動物體質量及體質量增長顯著降低（P<0.001）。給藥期間，與對照組比較，F(xiàn)FHQ各劑量組動物脾虛癥狀基本恢復正常，而模型組動物仍有脾虛的癥狀。給藥結束后，與模型組比較，F(xiàn)FHQ各劑量組動物體質量、給藥期間體質量增長顯著升高（P<0.05）； FFHQ 3.25 g·kg^-1組大鼠每天攝食量顯著增高（P<0.01）； FFHQ各劑量組大鼠胃排空率顯著增加（P<0.05）； FFHQ 6.50、13.00 g·kg^-1組MOT濃度顯著升高（P<0.05），F(xiàn)FHQ 13.00 g·kg^-1組VIP濃度顯著降低（P<0.05、0.01）；各給藥組LYMPH比率均顯著升高（P<0.05、0.01），F(xiàn)FHQ高劑量組MONO比率顯著降低（P<0.05、0.01），F(xiàn)FHQ高劑量組RBC顯著降低（P<0.01），各給藥組RET#、RDW均顯著降低（P<0.01），F(xiàn)FHQ低劑量組HCT顯著降低（P<0.01），F(xiàn)FHQ中劑量組HGB顯著降低（P<0.01），F(xiàn)FHQ高劑量組WBC呈升高趨勢； FFHQ低、高劑量組脾臟質量均顯著增加（P<0.05、0.01）； FFHQ中、高劑量組胸腺質量呈升高趨勢；各組組織病理學檢查均未見未見明顯器質性病變。結論 FFHQ對脾虛大鼠發(fā)揮健脾消食作用，調節(jié)胃腸激素分泌和提高機體免疫力可能是作用機制之一。

Objective To establish a rat model of spleen deficiency and to study the effect of Fufang Huangqi Jianpi Koufu Ye (FFHQ) on invigorating spleen and eliminating food. Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups with ten animals in each group, namely control group, model group, Qipi oral solution (positive drug, 10 mL·kg^-1) group, and FFHQ low, medium and high-dose groups (crude drug 3.25, 6.50, 13.00 g·kg^-1). Except for control group, rats in the other five groups were given 3.75 g·kg^-1 rhubarb water solution orally and intragastrically for modeling, twice a day, for consecutive seven days. After successful modeling, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were given test arrticles by ig, control group and model control group were given deionized water, and positive control group was given Qipi Oral Solution, 10 mL·kg^-1, twice a day, for consecutive seven days. The appearance, physical signs and behavioral activities of the animals were observed and recorded every day. The body weight and food intake were measured every week. At the end of administration, gastric emptyfunction, food availability, gastrin (GAS), motilin (MOT) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gastrointestinal hormone concentrations were detected. Red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), red blood cell volume (HCT), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), absolute value of reticulocyte (RET#), the ratio of reticulocyte (RET), LYMPH, MONO, neutrophils (NEUT), basophil (BASO) and eosinophils (EO) were determined by automatic hematology analyzer. The spleen and thymus were weighed and the organ coefficients of spleen and thymus were calculated. The stomach, duodenum, colon, rectum, spleen and thymus were collected, and histopathological changes were observed after HE staining. Results During modeling, no abnormality was found in control group. Compared with control group, the other groups showed symptoms of spleen deficiency such as emaciation, loose stools and reduced activity. At the end of modeling, the body weight and food intake of the other groups were significantly reduced, indicating that the modeling was successful. During the administration period, compared with control group, the clinical symptoms of FFHQ dose groups and positive control group basically returned to normal, while the model control group animals still had spleen deficiency symptoms. After administration, compared with model group, the increase of body weight in FFHQ groups and during administration was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Daily food intake in FFHQ 3.25 g·kg^-1 group was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Gastric empelling rate of FFHQ groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05). MOT concentration in FFHQ 6.50 and 13.00 g·kg^-1 groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05), VIP concentration in FFHQ 13.00 g·kg^-1 group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01). LYMPH rate of all administration groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05, 0.01), MONO rate of FFHQ high dose group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01), RBC of FFHQ high dose group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), RET# and RDW of all administration groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). HCT of FFHQ low dose group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), HGB of FFHQ medium dose group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), WBC of FFHQ high dose group was increased. Spleen quality was significantly increased in FFHQ low and high dose groups (P < 0.05, 0.01). The thymus quality of FFHQ medium and high dose groups increased. Histopathological examination in each group showed no obvious organic lesions. Conclusions FFHQ plays a role in invigorating spleen and eliminating food in spleen deficiency rats, regulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion and improving body immunity may be one of the mechanisms.

R285.5