目的 探討參苓健脾胃顆粒對脾虛模型大鼠的胃腸調(diào)節(jié)作用及機(jī)制。方法 將60只大鼠隨機(jī)分為對照組、模型組、莫沙必利（1.35 mg·kg^-1）組和參苓健脾胃顆粒低、中、高劑量（0.45、0.90、1.80 g·kg^-1）組，每組10只。對照組在正常實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境中飼養(yǎng)，給予正常飼料；其余各組均按照25 mL·kg^-1于實(shí)驗(yàn)1、3、5、7、9、11、13 d ig給予液體豬油，并于2、4、6、8、10、12、14 d ig給予25 mL·kg^-1 30%蜂蜜水；同時(shí)每天將大鼠放入水深約20 cm，水溫為25~29℃的桶中進(jìn)行20 min游泳，隨后將大鼠飼養(yǎng)于含有浸濕刨花墊料的飼養(yǎng)籠中，造模時(shí)間為14 d。從第15天開始，將大鼠置于正常環(huán)境中飼養(yǎng)，并開始ig給予藥物，每天1次，連續(xù)14 d。采用稱質(zhì)量法計(jì)算大鼠胃殘留率，小腸炭末推進(jìn)法計(jì)算大鼠腸推進(jìn)率；采用間苯三酚法檢測大鼠尿D-木糖排泄率；利用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法檢測大鼠血清胃動素（MTL）、胃泌素（GAS）、生長抑素（SS）和P-物質(zhì)（SP）水平，以及炎性因子白細(xì)胞介素-10（IL-10）和腫瘤壞死因子-α（TNF-α）水平；利用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR （qRT-PCR）法檢測大鼠結(jié)腸黏膜水通道蛋白3（AQP3） mRNA轉(zhuǎn)錄水平的變化。結(jié)果 實(shí)驗(yàn)期間，對照組未見異常，模型組出現(xiàn)厭食、倦怠、遲鈍、便溏等現(xiàn)象，體質(zhì)量增長減緩，從第13天開始，體質(zhì)量顯著低于對照組（P<0.001）；給藥結(jié)束，參苓健脾胃顆粒大鼠狀態(tài)明顯改善，實(shí)驗(yàn)25、28 d，與模型組比較，參苓健脾胃顆粒中、高劑量組大鼠體質(zhì)量顯著增加（P< 0.001）。與模型組比較，參苓健脾胃顆粒中、高劑量組胃排空率增加（P<0.001），參苓健脾胃顆粒低、中和高劑量組小腸炭末推進(jìn)率顯著增加（P<0.01、0.001）；參苓健脾胃顆粒中、高劑量組尿D-木糖排泄率顯著增加（P<0.05）；參苓健脾胃顆粒中、高劑量組MTL水平顯著升高（P<0.05、0.001），參苓健脾胃顆粒低、中和高劑量組GAS水平顯著升高（P<0.05、0.001），參苓健脾胃顆粒高劑量組SS水平顯著降低（P<0.01）；參苓健脾胃顆粒高劑量組血清TNF-α水平顯著降低（P<0.01），參苓健脾胃顆粒中、高劑量組IL-10含量顯著增高（P<0.01、0.001）；參苓健脾胃顆粒高劑量組AQP-3 mRNA轉(zhuǎn)錄水平顯著上調(diào)（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 參苓健脾胃顆粒治療脾虛模型大鼠的作用機(jī)制可能與其增強(qiáng)胃腸運(yùn)動、增加胃腸激素分泌、抑制濕阻所致的消化道炎癥以及促進(jìn)水分從腸腔的吸收有關(guān)。

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Shenling Jianpiwei Keli on spleen deficiency model rats. Methods Sixty rats were divided into control group, spleen deficiency model group, moxapride group (1.35 mg·kg^-1), Shenling Jianpiwei Keli low (0.45 g·kg^-1), medium (0.9 g·kg^-1) and high dose (1.8 g·kg^-1) group with 10 in each group. The control group was fed in normal experimental environment and given normal diet. The other groups were ig given liquid lard (25 mL·kg^-1) on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13, and 25 mL·kg^-1 30% honey water ig on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14. At the same time, the rats were placed in a bucket with a water depth of about 20 cm and a water temperature of 25-29℃ for 20 min every day for swimming, and then the rats were housed in a cage containing wet shavings bedding material. The modeling time was 14 days. From the 15th day, the rats were kept in a normal environment and given drugs ig once a day for 14 days. The gastric residual rate of rats was calculated by weighing method, the intestinal propulsion rate was calculated by small intestine charcoal propulsion method, the excretory rate of urine D-xylose was determined by phloroglucinol method, and the serum levels of motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), somatostatin (SS) and substance P (SP), the levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rats were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Meanwhile, real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA transcription of Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in colonic mucosa of rats. Results During the experiment, there was no abnormality in the control group, and the model group showed anorexia, tiredness, retardation and loose stool, and the body mass growth slowed down. From day 13, the body weight of the model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P< 0.001). At the end of the administration, the state of the spleen and stomach of rats in Shenling Jianpiwei Keli groups improved significantly. On day 25 and 28 of experiment, compared with model group, the body weight of rats in medium and high dose groups was significantly increased (P< 0.001). In comparison with the model group, the gastric emptying rate increased in the medium and high-dose groups of Shenling Jianpiwei Keli (P< 0.001), the propulsion rate of charcoal powder in the small intestine increased significantly in the low-, medium- and high-dose groups of Shenling Jianpiwei Keli (P< 0.01 and 0.001), the excretory rate of urine D-xylose increased in the medium and high-dose groups of Shenling Jianpiwei Keli (P< 0.05), the MTL levels were significantly increased in the middle and high-dose groups (P< 0.05 and 0.001), the GAS levels were significantly higher in the low-, moderate-and high-dose groups (P< 0.05 and 0.001), the SS level was significantly reduced in the high-dose group (P< 0.01), serum TNF-α levels were significantly reduced in the high-dose group (P< 0.01), the IL-10 content was significantly higher in the medium and high-dose groups (P< 0.01 and 0.001), and AQP-3 mRNA transcripts were significantly upregulated in the high-dose group (P< 0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of Shenling Jianpiwei Keli in the treatment of spleen deficiency rats may be related to enhancing gastrointestinal motility, increasing gastrointestinal hormone secretion, inhibiting gastrointestinal inflammation caused by dampness and promoting the absorption of water from intestinal cavity.

R285.5

中國中醫(yī)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程重大攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目（CI2021A04802）