目的 研究逍遙散對抑郁大鼠運動能力及肝臟線粒體結構和功能的影響。方法 將SD大鼠隨機分為對照組、模型組、文拉法辛（給予鹽酸文拉法辛膠囊35mg·kg^-1）組和逍遙散（生藥21.2g·kg^-1）組，除對照組外，采用慢性不可預知溫和應激（CUMS）建立抑郁模型，于造模同時ig給藥，連續(xù)28d，每周稱體質量。造模結束后進行曠場實驗、糖水偏好實驗、爬桿實驗和轉棒實驗行為學測試；通過透射電鏡觀察肝臟線粒體超微結構；通過試劑盒測定血清睪酮、皮質酮水平和線粒體腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸（ATP）和線粒體呼吸鏈復合體（MRCC）I、III、IV、V水平。結果 與對照組比較，模型組大鼠體質量增長緩慢（P＜0.01），糖水偏愛率、曠場實驗的穿越格數(shù)及直立次數(shù)、爬桿實驗得分和轉棒實驗在棒時間均顯著下降（P＜0.05、0.01）；血清皮質酮水平顯著增加（P＜0.05），睪酮水平和睪酮-皮質酮比值（T/C）顯著降低（P＜0.05、0.01）；大鼠肝臟線粒體數(shù)目減少，外膜模糊，基質疏松；肝臟線粒體ATP水平及MRCCⅠ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ活性降低（P＜0.05、0.01）。與模型組比較，逍遙散組大鼠體質量顯著增加（P＜0.05），曠場實驗穿越格數(shù)和直立次數(shù)增加（P＜0.05、0.01），糖水偏好率顯著增高（P＜0.05），爬桿實驗得分顯著增加（P＜0.01），轉棒實驗的在棒時間顯著延長（P＜0.05）；血清睪酮水平顯著升高（P＜0.05），皮質酮水平顯著降低（P＜0.05），T/C顯著升高（P＜0.01）；大鼠肝臟線粒體嵴清晰，結構較為完整；肝臟線粒體ATP水平和MRCCⅠ、Ⅴ活性顯著增加（P＜0.05）。結論 逍遙散能夠顯著改善CUMS大鼠肝臟線粒體形態(tài)和功能，提高其運動能力，發(fā)揮抗抑郁作用。

Objective This study aims to clarify the effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial structure and function in depressed rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, venlafaxine hydrochloride capsule 35 mg·kg^-1 group and Xiaoyao powder (crude drug 21.2 g·kg^-1) group. Except for the control group, the depression model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 days. Rats were administered simultaneously, once a day, for 28 days during modeling. The rats were weighed weekly. After modeling, behavioral tests such as open field experiment, sugar-water preference experiment, pole test and rotarod test were performed, liver mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Serum levels of testosterone and corticosterone, mitochondrial adenine nucleoside triphosphate (ATP) and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex (MRCC) I, III, IV, V were determined by the kits. Results Compared with control group, rats in model group had slow body weight gain (P<0.01), sugar-water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing, score of pole test and time of rotarod test were significantly decreased (P<0.05 and 0.01), serum corticosterone level was significantly increased (P<0.05), and testosterone level and testosterone/corticosterone ratio (T/C) were significantly decreased (P<0.05 and 0.01). The electron microscopic results showed that the number of mitochondria in the liver of rats was reduced, the outer membrane was blurred and the matrix was loose in model group compared with control group. The results of the kits showed that the liver mitochondrial adenine nucleoside triphosphate (ATP) content and respiratory chain complex I, III, IV and V activities were decreased in model group rats compared with control group (P<0.05 and 0.01). Compared with model group, the body mass of rats in Xiaoyao San group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the number of crossing cells and the number of upright times in open field experiment were increased (P<0.05, 0.01), the sugar water preference rate was significantly increased (P<0.05), the score in pole climbing experiment was significantly increased (P<0.01), the time in rod spinning experiment was significantly extended (P<0.05), corticosterone levels decreased (P<0.05) and testosterone levels and T/C increased (P<0.05). After the intervention of Xiaoyao San, the mitochondrial cristae were clear and the structure was more complete in the liver of rats. ATP content and respiratory chain complex I and V activities were increased after the intervention of Xiaoyao San compared with model group (P<0.05). Conclusion It is concluded that Xiaoyao San can significantly improve the morphology and function of liver mitochondria, enhance exercise capacity and exert antidepressant effects in CUMS rats.

R285.5

國家自然科學基金資助項目（82074147）；山西省基礎研究計劃項目（202103021224027）