惡性腫瘤長(zhǎng)久以來威脅著人類的健康，傳統(tǒng)中藥通關(guān)藤的莖和根以及其他部位已被廣泛用于治療惡性腫瘤、哮喘病、風(fēng)濕病和氣管炎等。近年越來越多的研究聚焦于通關(guān)藤的抗腫瘤作用，由通關(guān)藤的提取物制成的消癌平制劑在臨床上廣泛用于治療肝癌、肺癌、食道癌和胃癌等。至今為止，已從通關(guān)藤的各個(gè)部位提取鑒定出包括C21甾體皂苷、甾醇/環(huán)醇類、有機(jī)酸類、多糖類、三萜類、脂肪酸類、酯類等在內(nèi)的幾百種化學(xué)成分。C21甾體皂苷類為通關(guān)藤的首要特征和抗腫瘤活性成分?，F(xiàn)代藥理學(xué)研究證明通關(guān)藤在體內(nèi)外均有抗腫瘤活性，主要體現(xiàn)在抗肝癌、肺癌、血液系統(tǒng)腫瘤、食管癌、胃癌、乳腺癌等。通關(guān)藤的單方制劑消癌平的常用劑型有片劑、糖漿、注射液、口服液、膠囊等，主要用于治療肝癌、食道癌、非小細(xì)胞肺癌、胃癌、結(jié)腸癌、宮頸癌、乳腺癌和白血病等。通關(guān)藤及其制劑抗腫瘤作用的主要機(jī)制包括直接抗腫瘤作用，具體體現(xiàn)為抑制癌細(xì)胞增殖、調(diào)節(jié)腫瘤細(xì)胞血管生成、介導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡、促進(jìn)分化等，還包括對(duì)其他抗癌藥物的增效減毒作用。主要綜述通關(guān)藤抗腫瘤作用的主要成分和作用機(jī)制的近年研究進(jìn)展及現(xiàn)狀，旨在為通關(guān)藤的應(yīng)用開發(fā)以及抗腫瘤藥物的研發(fā)提供參考。

Malignant tumors have been threatening human health for a long time. The stems, roots and other parts of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Marsdenia tenacissima have been widely used to treat malignant tumors, asthma, rheumatism and tracheitis. Recently, more and more studies have focused on the anti-tumor effect of M.tenacissima. Xiaoaiping preparation made from the extract of M.tenacissima is widely used in clinical treatment of liver cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Up to now, hundreds of chemical constituents including C21 steroidal saponins, sterols/cycloalcohols, organic acids, polysaccharides, triterpenes, fatty acids, esters, etc. have been extracted and identified from various parts of M.tenacissima. C21 steroidal saponins are the primary characteristics and anti-tumor active components of M.tenacissima. Modern pharmacological studies have proved that M.tenacissima has anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro, mainly reflected in anti liver cancer, lung cancer, hematological tumor, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, etc. The commonly used dosage forms of Xiaoaiping, a single prescription preparation of M.tenacissima, include tablet, syrup, injection, oral liquid, capsule, etc. It is mainly used to treat liver cancer, esophageal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, etc. The main mechanisms of anti-tumor effect of M.tenacissima and its preparations include direct anti-tumor effect, which is embodied in inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, regulation of tumor cell angiogenesis, mediation of cell apoptosis, promotion of differentiation, etc., as well as the enhancement and attenuation of other anti-cancer drugs. This article mainly reviews the research progress and status quo of the main components and mechanism of anti-tumor effect of M.tenacissima in recent years, aiming to provide reference for the application and development of M.tenacissima and the research and development of anti-tumor drugs.

國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目（2021YFE0203100）；國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（81873089）