目的 研究白頭翁皂苷B₄的抗動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化作用及其機(jī)制。方法 將雄性的C57小鼠設(shè)為對(duì)照組，共6只，給予正常飲食；給予 ApoE^-/-小鼠高脂飲食喂養(yǎng) 9周后，隨機(jī)分為 4組：模型組、辛伐他?。?yáng)性對(duì)照，5 mg·kg^-1）組及白頭翁皂苷 B₄低、高劑量（5、20 mg·kg^-1）組，每組7只。ig給藥9周，C57對(duì)照組和ApoE^-/-模型組給予等量的0.9%的氯化鈉溶液。給藥的同時(shí)造模小鼠仍給予高脂飲食，每周統(tǒng)計(jì) 1次體質(zhì)量，給藥 9周后進(jìn)行取材。通過(guò)獸用血常規(guī)分析儀檢測(cè)全血中血小板（PLT）、白細(xì)胞（WBC）、中性粒細(xì)胞（Neu）及淋巴細(xì)胞（Lym）水平；ELISA法檢測(cè)血清中白細(xì)胞介素-6（IL-6）的水平；試劑盒法檢測(cè)血清中總膽固醇（TC）、游離膽固醇（FC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇（HDL-C）水平；通過(guò)全長(zhǎng)主動(dòng)脈油紅染色檢測(cè)主動(dòng)脈中脂質(zhì)積累情況；通過(guò)蘇木精-伊紅染色法、Masson染色法和油紅O染色法檢測(cè)主動(dòng)脈竇的組織病理變化。結(jié)果 與模型組比較，在白頭翁皂苷B₄及辛伐他汀給藥后，體質(zhì)量呈降低趨勢(shì)；PLT、WBC、Neu、Lym、IL-6水平均顯著降低（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）；血清TC、FC、TG、LDL-C水平顯著降低（P＜0.001），HDL-C水平顯著升高（P＜0.001）；全長(zhǎng)主動(dòng)脈被染紅區(qū)域顯著縮?。?i>P＜0.001）；主動(dòng)脈竇油紅染色區(qū)域面積明顯減少，小鼠主動(dòng)脈竇斑塊減少，可見(jiàn)少量泡沫細(xì)胞，炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)減少，中膜層平滑肌及彈性纖維排列增厚不明顯，膠原含量多且分布規(guī)律，膠原間的腔隙減少，油紅染色區(qū)域面積明顯減少。結(jié)論 白頭翁皂苷B₄對(duì)高脂飲食誘導(dǎo)的ApoE^-/-基因敲除小鼠動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化具有治療作用，其作用機(jī)制與減少脂質(zhì)浸潤(rùn)和炎癥反應(yīng)有關(guān)。

Objective To study the anti atherosclerosis effect of Pulsatilla saponin B₄ and its mechanism.Methods Male C57 mice were set as the control group, with a total of six mice, and were given a normal diet. After nine weeks of high-fat diet feeding, ApoE^-/- mice were randomly divided into four groups: the model group, the simvastatin (positive control, 5 mg·kg^-1) group, and the Pulsatilla saponin B₄ low- and high-dose (5 and 20 mg·kg^-1) groups, with seven mice in each group. The mice were ig administered with the drugs for nine weeks, and the C57 control group and the ApoE^-/- model group were given an equal amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. While the treated mice were still given a high-fat diet, their body weights were measured once a week, and tissue samples were collected after nine weeks of treatment. The levels of platelets (PLT), white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), lymphocytes (Lym), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the whole blood were detected by veterinary hematology analyzer; the level of IL-6 in the serum was detected by ELISA, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the serum were detected by kit method, the accumulation of lipid in the aorta was detected by whole aorta oil red staining, the histopathological changes of the aortic sinus were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining, and oil red O staining.Results Compared with the model group, there was a trend of body weight reduction in the Pulsatilla saponin B₄ and simvastatin treatment groups, the levels of PLT, WBC, Neu, Lym, and IL-6 were significantly lower (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The levels of TC, FC, TG, and LDL-C in serum were significantly lower (P < 0.001), while the level of HDL-C was significantly higher (P < 0.001). The area of the red-stained entire aorta was significantly reduced (P < 0.001), the area of the oil-red-stained aortic sinus was significantly reduced, the aortic plaque in mice was reduced, and there were only a few foam cells visible, with a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration, thickening of the smooth muscle and elastic fibers in the media layer was not obvious, the collagen content was abundant and distributed regularly, the interstitial spaces between collagen were reduced, and the area of the oil-red-stained region was significantly reduced.Conclusion Pulsatilla saponin B₄ had therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis of ApoE^-/- mice induced by high fat diet and its mechanism was related to reducing paper infiltration and inflammatory response.

R285.5

中藥治療心血管疾病研究創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)青年人才培養(yǎng)示范項(xiàng)目（QJJ18066）；廣西重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（桂科 AB20025002）；廣西科技重大專項(xiàng)（桂科AA19254024）