目的 探究厭食康顆粒對特制飼料疊加夾尾致小兒厭食癥大鼠模型的治療作用。方法 采用特制飼料疊加夾尾幼齡大鼠的方法建立小兒厭食癥大鼠模型。大鼠隨機(jī)分為對照組、模型組及厭食康顆粒低、中、高劑量（2.8、5.6、11.1 g·kg^-1）組和兒滯靈沖劑（10.1 g·kg^-1）組。監(jiān)測各組大鼠的情緒行為狀態(tài)、體質(zhì)量、攝食量；采用MP150多導(dǎo)生理記錄儀系統(tǒng)檢測十二指腸生物電信號的頻率和振幅；酶聯(lián)免疫吸附測定法（ELISA）檢測血清中瘦素（LEP）、生長抑素（SST）、胃動(dòng)素（MTL）及胃泌素（GAS）水平；16S RNA高通量測序技術(shù)分析腸道菌群結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)果 與模型組相比，厭食康顆粒給藥后大鼠攝食量和體質(zhì)量顯著增長（P＜0.05、0.001）；十二指腸生物電信號振幅和頻率顯著升高（P＜0.05、0.01）；血清LEP 和 SST 水平顯著降低（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）、MTL 水平升高（P＜0.05、0.01）；腸道菌群 Firmicutes 豐度顯著降低（P＜0.05）。結(jié)論 厭食康顆粒對特制飼料疊加夾尾致小兒厭食癥大鼠模型具有明顯的治療作用，其作用機(jī)制與調(diào)節(jié)胃腸激素、改善腸道微生物環(huán)境有關(guān)。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Yanshikang Granules in a rat model of pediatric anorexia induced by a special forage and tail clipping. Methods A rat model of pediatric anorexia nervosa was established using a special chow stacked on a tail-clamped young rat. The rats were randomly divided into six groups, including control group, model group, Yanshikang Granules low, medium, high dose (2.8, 5.6, 11.1 g·kg^-1) groups, and Erzhiling Chongji (10.1 g·kg^-1) group. The general status, body weight and food intake of each group of rats were monitored, and the frequency and amplitude of the duodenal bioelectrical signal was detected by MP150 system, serum levels of leptin (LEP), somatostatin (SST), motilin (MTL), and gastrin (GAS) were measured by ELISA method, the structure of gut microbial community were measured by 16S RNA high-throughput sequencing technology. Results Compared with the model group, after treatment with Yanshikang Granules, food intake and body weight were significantly improved (P <0.05, 0.01), amplitude and frequency of duodenal bioelectrical signal were significantly improved (P <0.05, 0.01), serum LEP and SST were significantly reduced (P <0.05, 0.01, 0.001), serum MTL were significantly improved (P <0.05, 0.01), the abundance of Blautia were significantly reduced (P <0.05). Conclusion Yanshikang Granules can treat the anorexia situation in a rat model of anorexia caused by the combination of special forage and tail clamping. The mechanism is related to regulating the secretion of gastrointestinal hormone and improving the gut microbial environment.

R285.5

國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（81503287）；北京市自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（7232287）