目的 分析鑒定龍脷葉Sauropus spatulifolius Beille 75%乙醇提取物化學(xué)成分及咳嗽大鼠體內(nèi)入血成分和代謝原型成分。方法 通過UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技術(shù)分析龍脷葉75%乙醇提取物化學(xué)成分；雄性SD大鼠36只，隨機(jī)分為6組：對照組、模型組、枸櫞酸噴托維林片（陽性藥，10.521 mg·kg^-1）組和龍脷葉75%乙醇提取物高、中、低劑量（26.31、13.15、6.58 mg·kg^-1）組，每天1次，連續(xù)給藥7 d，對照組和模型組均ig等量純凈水。在第6天給藥后1 h和末次給藥后1 h，應(yīng)用辣椒素溶液建立大鼠咳嗽模型，根據(jù)藥效實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，取對照組和提取物中劑量組的血清、對照組和高劑量組的糞便和尿液樣本，利用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技術(shù)鑒定入血成分及糞便和尿液中的代謝原型成分。結(jié)果 鑒定出龍脷葉75%乙醇提取物化學(xué)成分40個(gè)，以有機(jī)酸類為主，從血清樣本分析出大黃素、芹菜素等19個(gè)入血原型成分，從糞便樣本中分析出咖啡酸、異落葉松脂素等17個(gè)原型成分，尿液樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)咖啡酸、東莨菪亭等22個(gè)原型成分。結(jié)論 確定了龍脷葉75%乙醇提取物中的化學(xué)成分、入血原型成分以及在糞便和尿液中的代謝原型成分，推測黃酮類和有機(jī)酸類成分可能是龍脷葉發(fā)揮止咳作用的藥效物質(zhì)。

Objective To analyze and identify the chemical constituents of 75% ethanol extract of Sauropus spatulifolius leaves as well as constituents absorbed into blood and metabolites prototype components in cough rats. Methods UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technology was used to analyze the chemical constituents of 75% ethanol extract of Sauropus spatulifolius leaves. Totally 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, pentoverine citrate tablet (positive, 10.521 mg·kg^-1) group and 75 % ethanol extract of Sauropus spatulifolius leaves high, medium and low-dose (26.31, 13.15, 6.58 mg·kg^-1) groups, ig once a day for seven days, both the control and model groups received equal amounts of purified water. On the 6th day, 1 h after administration and 1 h after the last administration, the rat cough model was established with capsaicin solution. According to the results of the efficacy experiment, serum samples from the control group and extract medium dose group, stool and urine samples from the control group and high dose group were taken, and the metabolic prototype components in blood and stool and urine were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technique. Results A total of 40 chemical components were identified from the 75% ethanol extract of Sauropus spatulifolius leaves, mainly organic acids. A total of 19 constituents absorbed into blood were identified from serum samples, such as emodin and apigenin. A total of 17 metabolite prototype components were identified from fecal samples, such as caffeic acid and isolariciresinol. A total of 22 metabolite prototype components were identified in urine samples, such as caffeic acid and scopoletin. Conclusion The chemical composition, blood entering prototype components, and metabolic prototype components in feces and urine of the 75% ethanol extract of Sauropus spatulifolius leaves have been determined. It is speculated that flavonoids and organic acids may be the pharmacological substances of Sauropus spatulifolius leaves in relieving cough.

R284.1

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（81460601）、廣西壯瑤藥重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室（桂科基字[2014]32號）、壯瑤藥協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心（桂教科研[2013]20號）；廣西高等學(xué)校千名中青年骨干教師教育計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（桂教教師〔2022〕 60號）；廣西壯族自治區(qū)民族藥資源與應(yīng)用工程研究中心（桂發(fā)改高技函[2020]2605號）、廣西科技基地和人才專項(xiàng)（桂科AD21238031）、廣西重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（桂科AB21196016）、廣西中醫(yī)藥重點(diǎn)學(xué)科壯藥學(xué)（GZXK-Z-20-64）、廣西一流學(xué)科中藥學(xué)（民族藥學(xué)）（桂教科研[2018]12號）；國家中醫(yī)藥管理局高水平中醫(yī)藥重點(diǎn)學(xué)科（壯藥學(xué)）建設(shè)項(xiàng)目（國中醫(yī)藥人教函〔2022〕226號）；廣西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)“桂派杏林青年英才”培養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目（2022C032）