神經毒性是傳統(tǒng)抗腫瘤藥物常見的不良反應，包括中樞神經系統(tǒng)毒性和外周神經系統(tǒng)毒性，所引起的神經病變可導致患者依從性下降，影響預后，降低患者生活質量。近年來，靶向治療、免疫治療、代謝治療、基因治療等相關的多種新型抗腫瘤治療產品不斷獲批上市，隨之也出現(xiàn)了神經系統(tǒng)不良反應的報道，如細胞治療產品引起的免疫效應細胞相關神經毒性綜合征、基因治療產品引起的病毒載體相關神經毒性?？偨Y了抗腫瘤藥物神經毒性評估的一般原則，對各類新型抗腫瘤藥物的神經毒性臨床表現(xiàn)、毒性機制和治療措施進行綜述，為抗腫瘤藥物的神經毒性研究、臨床及臨床前安全性評價提供參考和依據。

Neurotoxicity is a common adverse reaction of traditional anti-tumor drugs, including central nervous system toxicity and peripheral nervous system toxicity, and the neuropathy caused by it can lead to a decrease patient compliance, affect prognosis, and reduce patients' quality of life. In recent years, a variety of new anti-tumor therapy products related to targeted therapy, immunotherapy, metabolic therapy, and gene therapy have been approved, followed by reports of adverse neurological reactions, such as immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome caused by cell therapy products and viral vector-associated neurotoxicity caused by gene therapy products. This paper summarizes the general principles for evaluating the neurotoxicity of antitumor drugs, and reviews the clinical manifestations, toxicity mechanisms, and therapeutic measures of neurotoxicity associated with various new anti-tumor drugs. It aims to provide providing a reference and basis for neurotoxicity research, clinical and preclinical safety evaluation of anti-tumor drugs.

國家重點研發(fā)計劃（2024YFA1107302）