目的 研究多花黃精不同蒸制品GC-MS指紋圖譜和色度值的差異。方法 采用GC-MS法建立黃精生品及不同蒸制次數(shù)蒸制品的指紋圖譜，并用色差儀測定其色度值（L^*、a^*、b^*），結(jié)合主成分分析（PCA）、層次聚類分析（HCA）與最小偏二乘-判別分析（OPLS-DA）方法分析黃精生品和一蒸～九蒸蒸制品的差異。結(jié)果 與多花黃精生品相比較，二蒸～九蒸飲片粉末的總色差值Δ E^*＞12，顏色變化明顯，由第4次蒸制開始粉末顏色趨于穩(wěn)定；建立的指紋圖譜中確定了17個(gè)共有峰，五蒸之后新出現(xiàn)3個(gè)共有峰；相關(guān)性分析（CA）表明，主要色譜峰的峰面積值與色度值有一定的關(guān)聯(lián)，與a*值的關(guān)聯(lián)較小，與L^*、b^*和E^*值關(guān)聯(lián)較大；多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析表明，多花黃精生品及不同次數(shù)蒸制品之間存在明顯差異，PCA與HCA可將多花黃精生品及其不同次數(shù)蒸制品分為生品、一蒸～四蒸、五蒸～九蒸3類，OPLS-DA篩選出(＋)-檸檬烯、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、2-乙基甲苯、鄰二甲苯、間二甲苯、正二十烷、4,6-二甲基十二烷、聯(lián)三甲苯、3-乙基甲苯共9個(gè)差異性成分。結(jié)論 建立了GC-MS指紋圖譜及色度值鑒別方法，為多花黃精質(zhì)量控制及評(píng)價(jià)提供科學(xué)參考。

Objective To investigate the differences in GC-MS fingerprint and chromaticity values of different steamed products of Polygonatum cyrtonema. Methods GC-MS was used to establish fingerprints of raw and steamed P. cyrtonema samples with 2—9 steaming cycles. Chromaticity values (L^*, a^*, b^*) were measured using a colorimeter. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to analyze differences between raw samples and steamed products (1—9 times). Results Compared with raw P. cyrtonema, total color difference ΔE^* of powder samples from 2—9 steamed batches exceeded 12, indicating significant color changes. Powder color stabilized starting from the fourth steaming. The established fingerprints identified 17 common peaks, with three new peaks emerging after five steamings. Correlation analysis (CA) revealed significant correlations between main chromatographic peak areas and chromaticity values, particularly L^*, b^* and E^*, but weaker correlation with a^*. Multivariate statistical analysis showed distinct differences among raw and steamed products. PCA and HCA classified samples into three groups: raw, 1—4 steamings, and 5—9 steamings. OPLS-DA identified nine differential components: (+)-dipentene, 2, 4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-ethyltoluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, n-eicosane, 4, 6-dimethyl dodecane, 1, 2, 3-trimethylbenzene, and 3-ethyltoluene. Conclusion A GC-MS fingerprint combined with chromaticity value analysis was developed, providing a scientific reference for quality control and evaluation of P. cyrtonema.

R283.1

湖南省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（2023JJ50445）;湖南省科技創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023NK4145);湖南省教育廳青年項(xiàng)目(22B0379);長沙市自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（ kq2208192）