近來的研究表明免疫細胞在帕金森病（PD）的發(fā)病機制中起著重要作用。在PD等神經(jīng)退行性疾病中，中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)受到損傷時，會導致血腦屏障通透性增加，使得各類外周適應性和固有免疫細胞浸潤中樞，進入腦內(nèi)的免疫細胞可能促進神經(jīng)炎癥反應和神經(jīng)元損傷，但也可表現(xiàn)出神經(jīng)保護作用。總結(jié)中樞浸潤的免疫細胞，如中性粒細胞、單核巨噬細胞、樹突狀細胞、自然殺傷細胞（NK）、肥大細胞、T淋巴細胞（CD4⁺T細胞、CD8⁺T細胞）、B淋巴細胞在PD發(fā)生發(fā)展中的作用，分析其通過復雜的免疫調(diào)節(jié)機制影響神經(jīng)炎癥反應和神經(jīng)元的存活與死亡，期望為新的治療策略和藥物開發(fā)提供參考和方向。

Recent studies have demonstrated that immune cells play significant roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In neurodegenerative disorders such as PD, damage to the central nervous system leads to increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier, enabling various peripheral adaptive and innate immune cells to infiltrate the central nervous system. These infiltrating immune cells may promote neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage, while also potentially exhibiting neuroprotective effects. This review summarizes the roles of centrally infiltrating immune cells - including neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, mast cells, T lymphocytes (CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells), and B lymphocytes - in the progression of PD. It analyzes how these cells influence neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal survival through complex immunomodulatory mechanisms, aiming to provide references and directions for developing novel therapeutic strategies and pharmacological interventions.

R971

國家自然科學基金資助項目（82274135）;天津中醫(yī)藥大學大學生科技創(chuàng)新基金項目（202310063036）