固有淋巴細(xì)胞（ILC）是先天免疫系統(tǒng)中的一類特殊淋巴細(xì)胞，廣泛存在于黏膜組織中，根據(jù)其轉(zhuǎn)錄因子、表型標(biāo)志物與細(xì)胞因子的表達(dá)可分為ILC1、ILC2、ILC3、ILCreg等不同亞群。ILC具有高度異質(zhì)性，可通過分泌不同的細(xì)胞因子、相互轉(zhuǎn)化等方式參與炎癥微環(huán)境、腫瘤微環(huán)境的調(diào)控。越來越多的研究表明ILC與結(jié)腸炎相關(guān)性結(jié)直腸癌（CAC）的發(fā)展密切相關(guān)，可能成為逆轉(zhuǎn)結(jié)腸炎向結(jié)直腸癌轉(zhuǎn)化的重要因素。重點關(guān)注ILC1、ILC2、ILC3以及ILCreg等細(xì)胞亞群在CAC發(fā)展中的作用，加深對CAC病理過程的理解，并回顧腸ILC當(dāng)前的相關(guān)治療靶點或干預(yù)藥物研究進(jìn)展，為未來CAC的臨床治療和藥物研發(fā)提供參考。

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a special type of lymphocytes in the innate immune system, which are widely present in mucosal tissues. According to the expression of transcription factors, phenotypic markers and cytokines, they can be divided into ILC1, ILC2, ILC3, ILCreg and other different subgroups. ILC are highly heterogeneous and can participate in the regulation of inflammatory microenvironment and tumor microenvironment by secreting different cytokines and transforming each other. More and more evidence suggests that ILC are closely related to the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and may be an important factor in reversing the transformation of colitis to colorectal cancer. This article focuses on the role of cell subsets such as ILC1, ILC2, ILC3, and ILCreg in the development of CAC, deepens the understanding of the pathological process of CAC, and reviews the current therapeutic targets or intervention drugs of intestinal innate lymphocytes. Research progress provides a reference for future clinical treatment and drug development of CAC.

R735.3

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（82474217）； 天津市自然科學(xué)基金項目（23JCZXJC00150）