乳腺癌腦轉(zhuǎn)移（BCBM）的發(fā)生率僅次于肺癌，是導(dǎo)致腦轉(zhuǎn)移癌的第二大常見病因。隨著乳腺癌患者生存期的不斷延長，腦轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)生率呈持續(xù)上升趨勢(shì)。手術(shù)及局部放療是目前腦轉(zhuǎn)移的主要治療手段，化療及靶向藥物的全身治療也發(fā)揮著重要作用。然而，血腦屏障的存在會(huì)降低大多數(shù)抗腫瘤藥物的遞送效率，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致腦轉(zhuǎn)移病情不斷進(jìn)展，因此，迫切需要探尋具有針對(duì)性的治療新方法。但目前，BCBM患者往往被明確排除在大部分臨床試驗(yàn)之外，致使該領(lǐng)域缺乏相關(guān)臨床研究。小分子激酶抑制劑（SMKIs）具有相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量小、脂溶性高、侵入性較小的特點(diǎn)，且能特異性靶向乳腺癌細(xì)胞相關(guān)激酶，可有效預(yù)防和治療腦轉(zhuǎn)移。對(duì)目前正在研究的用于治療BCBM的SMKIs進(jìn)行總結(jié)，旨在為BCBM的臨床治療實(shí)踐提供參考。

Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is the second most common cause of brain metastasis after lung cancer. With the continuous extension of survival time for breast cancer patients, the incidence of brain metastasis is on the rise. Surgery and local radiotherapy are the main treatment methods for brain metastasis at present, and systemic treatment with chemotherapy and targeted drugs also plays an important role. However, the existence of the blood-brain barrier reduces the delivery efficiency of most anti-tumor drugs, leading to the continuous progression of brain metastasis. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new targeted treatment methods. However, at present, BCBM patients are often explicitly excluded from most clinical trials, resulting in a lack of relevant clinical research in this field. Small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) have the characteristics of small molecular weight, high lipid solubility, and low invasiveness, and can specifically target breast cancer cell-related kinases, effectively preventing and treating brain metastasis. This review summarizes the SMKIs currently under study for the treatment of BCBM, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of BCBM.

R979.1

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（82104553）