烏頭湯始記于《金匾要略》，是東漢時(shí)代著名醫(yī)學(xué)家張仲景創(chuàng)制的一首名方，具有溫經(jīng)祛寒、除濕止痛的功效，主治寒濕痹證。烏頭湯是由烏頭、甘草、白芍、黃芪和麻黃5味藥組成，其中烏頭既是烏頭湯的君藥，又是具有毒性成分的藥材，所以常配伍給藥以達(dá)到促進(jìn)烏頭療效和制約烏頭毒性的目的，除烏頭湯全方組外，臨床也常采用全方加減味或藥對(duì)用于治療。對(duì)近年來烏頭配伍藥材甘草、白芍、黃芪、麻黃及其活性成分對(duì)外排轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體和細(xì)胞色素P450影響的文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行回顧，總結(jié)整理了與烏頭伍用藥材與其活性成分對(duì)外排轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體和細(xì)胞色素的作用，以期通過分析藥材活性成分對(duì)外排轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體和細(xì)胞色素P450的調(diào)控及作用，來詮釋烏頭伍用藥材的減毒增效機(jī)制，解析復(fù)方配伍規(guī)律的科學(xué)性。為烏頭配伍合理應(yīng)用和臨床藥理研究提供了基礎(chǔ)，并對(duì)臨床上安全、有效用藥具有重要的意義。

Wutou Decoction recorded in Golden Chamber Guidance and Strategy is a famous prescription created by famous doctor named Zhang Zhongjing in Dong Han age. This prescription have the efficacy of warm venation so that dispel cold, drive away damp and alleviate pain, it can mainly treat arthralgia sydromes caused by cold and damp. Wutou Decoction is composed of Radix Aconiti Praeparat, Radix glycyrrhizae, Radix paeoniae alba, Radix Astragali, Radix Ephedrae. Radix Aconiti Praeparat is not only sovereign herb, but also the toxic herb. Thus, it is always administrated with other herb in order to reduce the toxicity and improve the pharmaceutical efficacy. Besides the decoction group, the modified group and drug pair are also utilized in the clinical treatment. According to recent article about the effect of Radix glycyrrhizae, Radix Paeoniae alba, Radix Astragali, Radix Ephedrae in Wutou decoction and their activity components impact on the efflux transporter and cytochrome P450. Summarizing the results of effectiveness, and exploring the opinion of further research. Hoping interpreting the mechanism of attenuating toxi and fortifying consequence, explaining the scientificity of compound compatibility though the effect of the efflux transporter and cytochrome P450. Those provide a basis for the rational application of Wutou compatibility and clinical pharmacological research and are great significance for clinical safety and effective drug use.

國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃（2016YFE0121400）；國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目（81430096）