目的 探究吸入小劑量阿奇霉素聯(lián)合沙美特羅替卡松氣霧劑對慢性中度持續(xù)期哮喘患兒的療效及對其治療依從性的影響。方法 選擇2015年1月-2016年1月于鄭州大學(xué)附屬兒童醫(yī)院進(jìn)行治療的98例慢性中度持續(xù)期哮喘患兒，按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將其分為觀察組與對照組，每組各49例患者。對照組患兒給予沙美特羅替卡松氣霧劑，1掀/次，2次/d；觀察組患兒在對照組基礎(chǔ)上增加阿奇霉素干混懸劑進(jìn)行治療，使用劑量為0.1 g/次，1次/d，連續(xù)服用3 d后停用4 d，而后繼續(xù)。兩組患兒治療時(shí)間均為12周。對比兩組患者治療有效率，對比治療前后兩組患兒兒童哮喘控制測試（C-ACT）評分、哮喘用藥依從性量表（MARS-A）評分、1秒用力呼氣容積（FEV1）及最大呼氣峰流速（PEF），并對兩組患兒治療過程中不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率進(jìn)行對比。結(jié)果 觀察組患兒哮喘有效率為87.76%，對照組患兒有效率為65.31%，兩組對比差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后兩組患兒C-ACT及MARS-A得分均有所上升，對比治療前差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；同時(shí)觀察組患兒C-ACT及MARS-A得分均高于對照組，組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后兩組患兒FEV1及PEF均有提升，對比治療前差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；同時(shí)觀察組患者上述指標(biāo)均高于對照組，組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。兩組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率對比差異不具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)論 小劑量阿奇霉素聯(lián)合沙美特羅替卡松氣霧劑能夠顯著緩解慢性中度持續(xù)期哮喘患兒臨床癥狀，改善患兒肺功能，同時(shí)具有較低的不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率，值得進(jìn)行臨床推廣。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting receptor agonist (ICS/LABA) combined with low-dose azithromycin in children with chronic moderate persistent asthma and its effect on treatment compliance.Methods 98 children with chronic moderate persistent asthma who were treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were divided into experimental group (ICS/LABA+Low-dose azithromycin) and control group (ICS/LABA) according to random number table method.Each group had 49 patients.They were administered for 12 weeks in both groups.The effective rate of treatment was compared between the two groups.The C-ACT score,asthma medication compliance scale (MARS-A),forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were compared before and after treatment.The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was compared.Results The effective rate of asthma was 87.76%(43/49) in the experimental group and 65.31%(32/49) in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P< 0.05).The difference of C-ACT and MARS-A counts between the two groups before and after intervention was not statistically significant.The scores of FEV1 and PEF in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P< 0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups before intervention.The above indexes in the experimental group after treatment were higher than those in the control group (P< 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups during treatment.Conclusion ICS/LABA combined with low dose azithromycin can significantly relieve the clinical symptoms of children with chronic moderate persistent asthma,improve the lung function of children,and has a low incidence of adverse reactions,which is worthy of clinical promotion.