人參屬PanaxL.是重要的藥用植物資源，具有廣闊開發(fā)前景，備受國內(nèi)外關(guān)注。隨著植物化學(xué)和分子生物學(xué)研究深入，人參屬資源研究取得顯著進(jìn)展，資源保護(hù)和合理開發(fā)成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。人參屬遺傳多樣性是研究的重要方面，新品種選育取得顯著成果，此外多組學(xué)技術(shù)在揭示次生代謝物質(zhì)生物合成、生長發(fā)育等機(jī)制中發(fā)揮重要作用。但種質(zhì)資源評價(jià)與利用程度較低、育種和繁育技術(shù)有待提升。從人參屬資源分類、構(gòu)成及保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀、遺傳多樣性和新品種選育及多組學(xué)研究和皂苷合成等方面，概述了人參屬種質(zhì)資源開發(fā)利用、育種研究及存在問題，為人參屬藥用植物資源的開發(fā)與利用提供理論參考。

Panax is an important medicinal plant, which has a broad development prospect and attracts much attention at home and abroad. With the deepening our understanding of phytochemistry and molecular biology, remarkable progress has been made in the research of Panax resources. Resource protection and rational development have become urgent tasks. Genetic diversity of Panax genus is an important aspect of research, and remarkable achievements have been made in the breeding of new varieties. In addition, multi-omics technology plays an important role in revealing the mechanisms of secondary metabolite biosynthesis, growth and development. However, the evaluation and utilization of germplasm resources are low, and the propagation and cultivation techniques need to be optimized. In this review, the development and utilization of germplasm resources of Panax and its problems in breeding were summarized from the aspects of classification, composition and conservation, genetic diversity, new varieties breeding, multi-omics studies and saponin synthesis, which provided theoretical reference for the development and utilization of medicinal plant resources of Panax.

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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(32260095);云南省重大科技專項(xiàng)(202102AA100052,202102AA310048);云南種子種業(yè)聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室(202205AR07000113,202305AR340004)