中藥是傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)的重要組成部分，中藥復(fù)方作為中醫(yī)臨床實踐的關(guān)鍵載體，體現(xiàn)了中醫(yī)藥的整體觀念和辨證施治的原則。近年來，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)中藥復(fù)方在傳統(tǒng)水煎煮過程中，其有效成分在弱鍵的驅(qū)動下能夠發(fā)生自組裝，形成具有特定結(jié)構(gòu)和功能特性的超分子復(fù)合物。這一分子層面的動態(tài)過程不僅可顯著增強(qiáng)了藥效，同時可有效降低藥物毒性，展現(xiàn)了獨特的中藥治療優(yōu)勢。通過對2017—2024年國家自然科學(xué)基金資助的中藥超分子相關(guān)項目進(jìn)行分析，梳理了中藥超分子在藥物遞送、藥效增效、減毒等的研究現(xiàn)狀，并探討了其在質(zhì)量控制中的應(yīng)用。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，藥效物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)、中藥復(fù)方配伍、結(jié)構(gòu)特征等是中藥超分子領(lǐng)域的研究熱點，為從事中藥超分子研究提供有益的參考與啟示。

Chinese medicine is an integral part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and TCM prescriptions, serves as one of the pivotal carriers of theories and clinical practice of TCM, embodies the holistic approach and the principle of treatment based on syndrome differentiation. In recent years, Researcher found that the active ingredients in TCM prescriptions can undergo self-assembly during the decoction processes, which was driven by weak non-covalent interactions. This dynamic molecular process not only significantly enhances the efficacy of the formulations but also effectively reduces drug toxicity, highlighting the unique therapeutic advantages of TCM. This article analyzed the projects related to TCM supramolecules funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2017 to 2024, summarizing the research progress in drug delivery, enhanced pharmacological effects, toxicity reduction, and quality control applications. Investigations found that pharmacodyamic material basis, TCM prescription and formulation, and structural characteristics are the hot-spots of TCM supramolecules. This review aims to offer valuable insights and references for researchers involved in the study of TCM supramolecules.

湖南省科技創(chuàng)新計劃資助（2022RC1228）