目的 建立天南星（苗藥一把傘南星）Arisaema erubescens生品及炮制品HPLC指紋圖譜及多成分定量測定方法，結合化學計量學分析對其進行質量評價。方法 采用HPLC法研究天南星生品及不同炮制品指紋圖譜，并測定5種化學成分含量，通過相似度分析（similarity analysis，SA）、聚類分析（cluster analysis，CA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）及偏最小二乘-判別分析（partial least square-discriminate analysis，PLS-DA），評價不同炮制品內在質量差異，尋找其主要差異性成分，最后采用綜合評分法優(yōu)選最佳炮制方法。結果 SA結果顯示，趁鮮蒸制不同時間樣品的相似度為0.990～0.999；九蒸九曬品的相似度為0.892～0.996；通過CA、PCA、PLS-DA均可將趁鮮蒸制、九蒸九曬、黃酒浸后蒸制及姜礬共制等不同炮制品分為2類，PLS-DA項下變量重要性投影（variable importance in projection，VIP）值篩選出夏佛塔苷和異夏佛塔苷2個主要差異成分；生品及炮制品中共指認了4（腺苷）、5（鳥苷）、6（胸苷）、14（夏佛塔苷）及18（異夏佛塔苷）號5個共有峰，23批天南星生品及炮制品中腺苷、鳥苷、胸苷、夏佛塔苷及異夏佛塔苷的質量分數依次為（921.7±0.0）～（8 974.4±220.2）、（375.1±0.3）～（7 700.5±64.8）、（48.7±0.8）～（1 457.7±7.0）、（14 274.5±23.0）～（102 175.5±1 837.8）、（1 805.2±6.3）～（14 307.8±105.9）μg/g；綜合評分結果顯示，趁鮮蒸制14、12 h及四蒸四曬樣品綜合評分值最高，分別為0.713 4、0.702 6、0.679 8。結論 優(yōu)選了天南星的炮制工藝，擴大了天南星炮制品種，建立的質量評價方法切實可行；為天南星的質量控制和進一步研究開發(fā)提供實驗依據。

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprints and multi-component content determination method of raw and processed products of Arisaema erubescens (AE) from Miao medicine and evaluate its quality in combination with chemometrics method. Methods The fingerprints of AE and its processed products were analyzed by HPLC and the contents of five chemical components were determined. By means of similarity analysis (SA), clustering analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), the quality difference of internal components of different processed products was evaluated, and the principal differential component was found. Comprehensive scoring method was used to select the best processing method. Results According to the SA, the similarity of samples during different steaming time was 0.990—0.999. The similarity of nine steamings and nine sun-dryings produts was 0.892—0.996. By means of CA, PCA and PLS-DA, we can classify different processed products into two categories, such as fresh steamed products, nine steamings and nine sun-dryings products, steamed products after soaking by rice wine, and ginger alum co-products. The VIP value of PLS-DA screened out two main differential components, schaftoside and isoschaftoside. A total of five common peaks of 4 (adenosine), 5 (guanosine), 6 (thymidine), 14 (schaftoside) and 18 (isoschaftoside) were identified in raw and processed products. The mass fractions of adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, schaftoside and isoschaftoside in 23 batches of samples were (921.7 ±0.0)—(8 974.4 ±220.2), (375.1 ±0.3)—(7 700.5 ±64.8), (48.7 ±0.8)—(1 457.7 ±7.0), (14 274.5 ±23.0)—(102 175.5 ±1 837.8), (1 805.2 ±6.3)—(14 307.8 ±105.9) μg/g, respectively. The results of comprehensive scoring method showed that the comprehensive scores of 14 and 12 hours of fresh steaming, and four steaming and four drying were the highest, which were 0.713 4, 0.702 6, and 0.679 8, respectively. Conclusion In this experiment, the processing technology of A. erubescens was optimized, the processing varieties were expanded, and the quality evaluation method established was feasible. The results provided a experimental basis for the quality control and further research and development of A. erubescens.

R283.6

貴州中醫(yī)藥大學2023年大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓練計劃項目（國家級）[貴中醫(yī)大創(chuàng)合字（2023）25號];國家中醫(yī)藥管理局省級中藥炮制技術傳承基地項目：國中醫(yī)藥科技（2015）86號;貴州中醫(yī)藥大學國家與省級科技創(chuàng)新人才團隊培育項目（貴中醫(yī)TD合字［2024］001號）