目的 研究川射干Iris tectorum的化學(xué)成分。方法 采用冷浸法提取，硅膠柱色譜、Sephadex LH-20凝膠柱色譜、ODS柱色譜、制備高效液相色譜等方法進行分離和純化，并利用現(xiàn)代譜學(xué)技術(shù)NMR和MS進行結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定。采用MTT法對分離得到的鳶尾醛型三萜化合物進行細(xì)胞毒活性評價。結(jié)果 從川射干75%乙醇提取物中分離得到18個化合物，分別鑒定為2個鳶尾醛型三萜類：16-甲氧基鳶尾醛（1）、isoiridogermanal（2）；9個黃酮及苷類：鳶尾黃素（3）、鳶尾甲黃素A（4）、鳶尾甲黃素B（5）、射干苷（6）、野鳶尾黃素（7）、異鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（8）、鼠李檸檬素（9）、irisdichotin B（10）、irisdichotin C（11）；4個苯乙酮類：草夾竹桃苷（12）、belalloside A（13）、羅布麻寧（14）、4-羥基苯乙酮（15）；3個其他類：β-谷甾醇（16）、2,3-二羥丙基十五烷酸酯（17）、棕櫚酸（18）；其中化合物1和2對A549細(xì)胞的半數(shù)抑制濃度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值分別為（39.44±3.48）和（55.74±3.34）μmol/L。結(jié)論 從川射干中分離得到2個鳶尾醛型三萜類、9個黃酮及苷類、4個苯乙酮類以及3個其他類化合物。其中化合物1為新的鳶尾醛型三萜化合物，命名為16-甲氧基鳶尾醛（16-methoxyisoiridogermenal），化合物8、10、11、13、15和17為首次在該植物中分離鑒定，豐富了川射干鳶尾醛型三萜類的化學(xué)成分。體外實驗結(jié)果表明，化合物1和2對A549細(xì)胞表現(xiàn)出較好的細(xì)胞毒活性。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Iris tectorum. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography (CC), Sephadex LH-20 CC, ODS and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (P-HPLC). Modern spectroscopic techniques NMR and MS were employed for structural identification of the compounds. The MTT method was used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the isolated iridal-type triterpenoids compounds. Results A total of 18 compounds were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of I. tectorum, identified as two iridal-type triterpenoids: 16-methoxyisoiridogermanal (1), isoiridogermanal (2), nine flavonoids and glycosides：tectorigenin (3), iristectorigenin A (4), iristectorigenin B (5), tectoridin (6), irigenin (7), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), rhamnocitrin (9), irisdichotin B (10), irisdichotin C (11); four acetophenones: androsin (12), belalloside A (13), apocynin (14), 4-hydroxylacetophenone (15); three other compounds: β-sitosterol (16), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl pentadecanoate (17) and palmitic acid (18); Compounds 1 and 2, along with the positive control drug paclitaxel, showed half inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of (39.44±3.48) and (55.74±3.34) μmol/L against A549 cells, respectively. Conclusion Two iridal-type triterpenoids, nine flavonoids and glycosides, four acetophenones and three other types of compounds were isolated from I. tectorum. Among them, compound 1 is a new iridal-type triterpenoid, named 16-methoxyisoiridogermanal, and compounds 8, 10, 11, 13, 15 and 17 were identified for the first time in this plant, enriching the chemical components of the iridal-type triterpenoids in I. tectorum. In vitro cellular experiments indicated that compounds 1 and 2 both exhibited good cytotoxic activity against A549 cells.

R284.1

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（82204975）;廣西壯族自治區(qū)藥用植物園基金資助項目（GXYYXGD202203）;廣西壯族自治區(qū)中藥管理局項目（GXZYA20230003，GXZYZ20210016，GXZYA20240004）