目的 探究貫葉金絲桃Hypericum perforatum不同藥用部位的化學(xué)成分組成和含量差異。方法 采用超高效液相色譜-飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜法（UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS）對(duì)貫葉金絲桃不同部位（花、葉、果和莖）中的化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行表征和鑒定，并通過(guò)多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析篩選不同部位的差異性成分。利用超高效液相色譜-電霧式檢測(cè)器（UHPLC-CAD）技術(shù)比較不同部位中化學(xué)成分的含量差異。結(jié)果 從貫葉金絲桃不同部位中共鑒定出51個(gè)化學(xué)成分，包括15個(gè)黃酮類(lèi)、20個(gè)間苯三酚類(lèi)、4個(gè)萘駢二蒽酮類(lèi)、7個(gè)有機(jī)酸類(lèi)及5個(gè)其他類(lèi)成分。不同部位間的化學(xué)成分存在一定差異，通過(guò)多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析共篩選出15個(gè)差異成分。半定量分析結(jié)果表明，花和葉中的黃酮類(lèi)成分含量高于果和莖，其中葉中蘆丁和金絲桃苷的含量是莖和果部位的3～4倍；果中的間苯三酚類(lèi)成分含量顯著高于其他部位，其貫葉金絲桃素的含量是葉部位的3～4倍；莖中各成分的含量均低于其他部位。結(jié)論 綜合定性和半定量方法明確了貫葉金絲桃不同藥用部位間化學(xué)成分的組成和含量差異，為貫葉金絲桃質(zhì)量控制和資源的合理利用提供參考。

Objective To investigate the differences in the types and contents of chemical components among different medicinal parts of Hypericum perforatum. Methods The chemical composition in different parts of H. perforatum (flowers, leaves, fruits, and stems) was characterized and identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen the differential makers between different parts. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem charged aerosol detector (UHPLC-CAD) was applied for the semi-quantitative analysis of main chemicals in different medicinal parts. Results A total of 51 chemical components were identified from different parts of H. perforatum, including 15 flavonoids, 20 phloroglucinols, four naphthalene anthralones, seven organic acids and five others. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed significant distinctions in the chemical constituents among different medicinal parts and 15 differential makers were screen out. The results of semi-quantitative analysis indicated that the contents of flavonoids in flowers and leaves were higher than those in fruits and stems, with the contents of rutin and hypericin in leaves being 3 to 4 times higher than those in stems and fruits. Additionally, the contents of phloroglucinol derivatives in fruits exceeded those in other parts, with hyperforin content being 3 to 4 times higher than in leaves. The contents of all chemicals in the stems were found to be lower than those in other medicinal parts. Conclusion In this study, the established qualitative and semi-quantitative methods demonstrated the noticeable differences in the types and contents of main chemical constituents among different medicinal parts of H. perforatum, which provides a theoretical basis for the quality control and rational utilization of resources of H. perforatum.

R284.1