目的 建立甘松Nardostachys jatamansi揮發(fā)油GC-MS指紋圖譜，結(jié)合化學(xué)模式識(shí)別篩選其差異標(biāo)志物，并進(jìn)行抑菌活性研究，為甘松揮發(fā)油質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)及應(yīng)用提供參考。方法 采用GC-MS鑒定甘松揮發(fā)油的化學(xué)成分并建立指紋圖譜；通過(guò)相似度評(píng)價(jià)、聚類(lèi)分析、主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘-判別分析對(duì)差異標(biāo)志物進(jìn)行篩選；并用牛津杯法評(píng)價(jià)其抑菌活性。結(jié)果 甘松揮發(fā)油中鑒定出33個(gè)化學(xué)成分，建立了甘松揮發(fā)油指紋圖譜，共標(biāo)定15個(gè)共有峰，相似度為0.936～0.994；通過(guò)聚類(lèi)分析將不同產(chǎn)地甘松揮發(fā)油分為4類(lèi)，主成分分析結(jié)果與聚類(lèi)分析結(jié)果基本相同，綜合分析篩選白菖烯、百秋李醇、β-馬里烯、馬兜鈴?fù)ⅠR欖醇及馬兜鈴烯可作為甘松揮發(fā)油差異標(biāo)志物；甘松揮發(fā)油對(duì)紅色毛癬菌、須癬毛癬菌、牙齦卟啉單胞菌、幽門(mén)螺旋桿菌、肺炎鏈球菌有明顯抑菌效果，最小抑菌濃度分別為0.4%、0.8%、3.1%、1.6%、6.25%。結(jié)論 采用指紋圖譜結(jié)合化學(xué)模式識(shí)別技術(shù)可快速、有效地篩選甘松揮發(fā)油差異標(biāo)志物，且甘松揮發(fā)油具有較好抑菌活性，可為甘松資源的綜合開(kāi)發(fā)利用及揮發(fā)油質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建立奠定基礎(chǔ)。

Objective To establish a GC-MS fingerprint of volatile oil from Nardostachys jatamansi, combined with chemical pattern recognition to screen its differential markers, and study its antibacterial activity, providing a reference for the quality evaluation and application of volatile oil from N. jatamansi. Methods GC-MS was used to identify the chemical components of the volatile oil from N. jatamansi and establish a fingerprint; Differential markers were selected through similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis; The antibacterial activity was evaluated by Oxford Cup method. Results A total of 33 chemical components were identified in the volatile oil of N. jatamansi, and a fingerprint of the volatile oil of N. jatamansi was established. A total of 15 common peaks were calibrated, with a similarity of 0.936 to 0.994. The volatile oil of N. jatamansi from different regions was divided into four categories through cluster analysis. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis were basically the same. Through comprehensive analysis, calarene, patchouli alcohol, β-maaliene, aristolone, maalialcohol, and aristolene alkene can be used as differential markers for the volatile oil of N. jatamansi; The volatile oil of N. jatamansi had obvious antibacterial effect on Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.4%, 0.8%, 3.1%, 1.6%, and 6.25%, respectively. Conclusion Using fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition technology can quickly and effectively screen the differential markers of volatile oil of N. jatamansi, and the volatile oil of N. jatamansi has good antibacterial activity. This study lays a material foundation for the comprehensive development and utilization of N. jatamansi resources and the establishment of quality standards for the volatile oil.

R286.2

國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃（2018YFC1706101）；四川省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)項(xiàng)目（2024YFFK0190）；四川省中醫(yī)藥管理局中醫(yī)藥科研專(zhuān)項(xiàng)（2023MS315）；西南民族大學(xué)中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)（ZYN2025023）