腫瘤微環(huán)境（tumor microenvironment，TME）是指腫瘤細胞生長、侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移的特殊內(nèi)在環(huán)境。TME中的細胞和非細胞成分對腫瘤的起始、生長、侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移、耐藥起關(guān)鍵作用。因此，靶向調(diào)控TME是治療腫瘤的創(chuàng)新療法。中藥活性成分可通過調(diào)控腫瘤相關(guān)成纖維細胞、細胞外基質(zhì)、免疫細胞及因子、代謝重編程，抑制血管生成、炎癥因子分泌、缺氧誘導(dǎo)因子表達等調(diào)控TME。然而，大多中藥成分存在溶解性、穩(wěn)定性、滲透性不佳，體內(nèi)易清除及靶向性不足的問題，因此將中藥活性成分靶向遞送至TME至關(guān)重要。通過綜述主動靶向、被動靶向、TME響應(yīng)性納米遞送策略在中藥調(diào)控TME中的研究進展，為中藥靶向調(diào)控TME的制劑研究，提升其臨床應(yīng)用效果和臨床轉(zhuǎn)化提供參考。

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the special intrinsic environment for tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis. Cellular and non-cellular components of the TME play key roles in tumor initiation, growth, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, targeted modulation of TME can be used as an innovative therapy for treating tumors. The active components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can regulate TME by regulating tumor-associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix, immune cells and factors, metabolic reprogramming, and inhibiting angiogenesis, inflammatory factor secretion, and hypoxia-inducible factor expression, etc. However, most of the active components of TCM suffer from poor solubility, stability, and penetration, and are easy to be cleared in vivo, as well as insufficient targeting, so targeted delivery of the active components of TCM to the TME is crucial. This paper reviews the research progress of active targeting, passive targeting, and TME-responsive nanodelivery strategies in the regulation of the TME by TCM. This review aims to provide a reference for developing TCM-based targeted TME-modulating preparations and enhancing their clinical application efficacy and translational potential.

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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目（82060719）；江西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)校級創(chuàng)新專項基金項目（JZYC23S67）