目的 研究覆盆子Rubi Fructus的化學(xué)成分及抗氧化活性。方法 采用大孔吸附樹脂、正向硅膠柱、ODS柱、Sephadex LH-20葡聚糖凝膠柱、半制備HPLC等色譜方法進(jìn)行分離純化，并運(yùn)用ESI-MS、NMR等現(xiàn)代譜學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)行化合物結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定。通過DPPH自由基的清除能力對(duì)單體化合物進(jìn)行體外抗氧化活性評(píng)估。結(jié)果 從覆盆子20%正丁醇部位共分離得到16個(gè)化合物，分別鑒定為 (赤式,赤式)-1-[4-[2-羥基-2-(4-羥基)-1-(羥甲基)乙氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基]-1,2,3-丙三醇（1）、(＋)-兒茶素-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2）、短葉蘇木酚酸（3）、(1'R,3'S,5'R,8'S,2Z,4E)-二氫菜豆酸-3'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）、(—)-兒茶素（5）、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、2,4,6-三羥基苯乙酮-6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（7）、3,4'-二羥基苯丙酮-3-β-D-葡萄糖苷（8）、trans-vaginoside（9）、cis-vaginoside（10）、dichotomoside E（11）、二氫松柏醇（12）、2-苯乙基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（13）、二氫對(duì)香豆醇-γ-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷（14）、2-羥基柚皮素-5-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（15）、香橙素-7-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷（16）。化合物3、5、16對(duì)DPPH自由基的半數(shù)清除能力分別為5.83、1.13、8.46 μmol/L。結(jié)論 化合物1為新的木脂素類化合物，命名為覆盆子脂素，化合物2、4～16均為首次從該植物中得到。化合物3、5、16清除DPPH自由基能力較強(qiáng)，具有明顯的抗氧化活性。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from Fupenzi (Rubi Fructus) and their antioxidant activities. Methods Chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods such as microporous adsorption resin, positive silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by modern spectrum technology such as ESI-MS, NMR. The antioxidant activity of monomer compounds was evaluated in vitro by the scavenging ability of DPPH radicals. Results A total of 16 compounds were isolated from the 20% n-butanol extract of Rubi Fructus and identified as (erythro,erythro)-1-[4-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]-1,2,3-propanetriol (1), (+)-catechin-5-O-β-D-glucoside (2), brevifolin carboxylic acid (3), (1'R,3'S,5'R,8'S,2Z,4E)-dihydrophaseic acid 3'-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (4), (−)-catechin (5), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 2,4,6-trihydroxy-acetophenone-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), 3,4'-dihy-droxypropio- phenone-3-β-D-glucoside (8), trans-vaginoside (9), cis-vaginoside (10), dichotomoside E (11), dihydroconiferyl alcohol (12), 2-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), dihydro-p-coumaryl alcohol γ-O-glucopyranoside (14), 2-hydroxynaringin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), aromadendrin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (16). The antioxidant activities of compounds 3, 5 and 16 were assessed through DPPH radical scavenging assay, with IC₅₀ values determined to be 5.83, 1.13 and 8.46 μmol/L, respectively. Conclusion Among them, compound 1 is new lignan compound, named fupenzicmin, compounds 2, 4—16 are isolated from this plant for the first time. In vitro studies revealed that compounds 3, 5 and 16 display significant DPPH free radical scavenging capabilities and exhibit remarkable antioxidant activity.

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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（81973458）；上海市科委科技創(chuàng)新行動(dòng)計(jì)劃（18401931100）