目的 借助UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS技術(shù)快速鑒定補中益氣湯的化學(xué)成分，以及小鼠ig后主要入血、組織移行成分分布特征。方法 取12只健康雄性C57/BL6J小鼠，3只空白組ig純化水，9只給藥組按21 g/kgig補中益氣湯提取液，分別在給藥后0.5、1、3 h各處理3只，收集血清和組織樣本，前處理采用蛋白沉淀法。采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈色譜柱（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.7 µm），以0.1%甲酸水溶液（A）-甲醇（B）為流動相，梯度洗脫分離。質(zhì)譜采用正、負離子一級全掃描/數(shù)據(jù)依賴二級掃描模式采集數(shù)據(jù)，綜合離子峰相對保留時間、一級碎片離子信息，Xcalibur 4.2軟件擬合組成元素。通過對照品、文獻以及數(shù)據(jù)庫提供的二級碎片離子信息比對，實現(xiàn)對補中益氣湯化學(xué)成分及入血、各組織原型移行成分的鑒定。結(jié)果 從補中益氣湯中共鑒定出286種化學(xué)成分，包括黃酮類117種、萜類109種、有機酸類29種、苯酞類13種、香豆素5種以及其他類13種（苯乙醇苷類2種、苯丙醇苷類1種、色原酮類2種、色酮類1種、生物堿類1種及木脂素類1種）。在原方鑒定成分的基礎(chǔ)上對小鼠ig補中益氣湯后取樣0.5、1、3 h檢測到血清中101、100、102種；肺臟146種、心臟88種、肝臟149種、脾臟138種、腎臟118種、回腸205種；脛骨前肌107種和腓腸肌116種原型移行成分。結(jié)論 該研究利用高分辨質(zhì)譜技術(shù)完成了補中益氣湯化學(xué)物質(zhì)組及入血、組織移行成分的快速鑒定，可為補中益氣湯效應(yīng)物質(zhì)的解析及藥效成分在不同組織中的藥動學(xué)研究提供參考。

Objective To rapidly identify the chemical components of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and the distribution characteristics of the main absorbed and tissue-migrating constituents in mice after intragastric administration by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. Methods A total of 12 male C57/BL6J mice were taken, divided into blank group (n = 3) and treatment group (n = 9), the blank group was gavaged with pure water, the treatment group was gavaged with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction extract at 21 g/kg. Three mice were sacrificed at 0.5, 1 and 3 h after the administration of the drug, respectively, and serum and tissue samples were collected, and the pretreatment process was performed by protein precipitation. Using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 µm), the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (A)-methanol (B) with gradient elution. Mass spectrometry collected data using a first-stage full scan of positive and negative ions/data-dependent second-stage scan mode, and based on the relative retention time of ion peaks and the information of primary fragment ions, the constituent elements were fitted with Xcalibur 4.2 software. Through the comparison of reference substances, literature and secondary fragment ion information provided by the database, the identification of the chemical components of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and the components that enter the blood and migrate to various tissues was achieved. Results A total of 286 chemical constituents were identified from Buzhong Yiqi Decoction, 117 kinds of flavonoids, 109 kinds of terpenes, 29 kinds of organic acids, 13 kinds of phthalein, 5 kinds of coumarins and 13 other kinds of compounds (two kinds of phenylethanol glycosides, one kind of phenylpropanol glycoside, two kinds of chromones, one kind of chromone, one kind of alkaloid and one kind of lignan). On the basis of identified compounds in the extract, 101, 100, and 102 kinds of compounds were detected in the 0.5, 1, and 3 h of mice serum smples after intragastric administration of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction. A total of 146, 88, 149, 138, 118, 205, 107 and 116 kinds of prototype compounds were identified in lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, ileum, anterior tibialis and gastrocnemius, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the chemical components of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and the absorbed components into serum and tissue-migrating components were rapidly identified by HRMS, which could provide a reference for the analysis of the effective substances of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and the in-depth study of the pharmacokinetics of the effective components in different tissues.

R284.1

上海市進一步加快中醫(yī)藥傳承創(chuàng)新發(fā)展三年行動計劃資助[ZY（2025-2027）-3-1-1]；國家中醫(yī)藥管理局中藥創(chuàng)新能力提升項目（BJTH 2024-02F-0009）；上海市衛(wèi)健委醫(yī)學(xué)新技術(shù)研究與轉(zhuǎn)化種子計劃項目（2024ZZ1006）；上海市教委中成藥臨床評價平臺項目（A1-U2 205-0103）；上海市科委科技啟明星項目（24QA2709200）；上海市東方英才計劃青年項目（QNWS2024054）；上海市自然基金項目（24ZR1467100）