目的 對黃芩湯（Huangqin Decoction，HD）相態(tài)進(jìn)行拆分并對不同相態(tài)抗皮膚癬菌作用進(jìn)行考察。方法 采用高速離心結(jié)合膜透析法將黃芩湯拆分為沉淀相態(tài)（HD precipitation phase，HD-P）、真溶液相態(tài)（HD solution phase，HD-S）以及納米相態(tài)（HD nano phase，HD-N），并對各相態(tài)進(jìn)行表征；采用HPLC法、苯酚-硫酸法、二喹啉甲酸法（bicinchoninic acid assay，BCA）分別測定了黃芩湯中主要有效成分、多糖、蛋白在不同相態(tài)中的含量，采用Franz擴散池考察了不同相態(tài)中主要成分的釋放特性；采用微量稀釋法考察黃芩湯不同相態(tài)對4種臨床常見皮膚癬菌的抗菌作用，并以須癬毛癬菌為模型菌株，系統(tǒng)考察了黃芩湯不同相態(tài)對其菌絲生長、孢子萌發(fā)、生物合成的影響。結(jié)果 10個主要成分（芍藥內(nèi)酯苷、芍藥苷、芹糖甘草苷、黃芩苷、千層紙素A苷、漢黃芩苷、黃芩素、甘草酸、漢黃芩素、千層紙素A）和蛋白、多糖主要分布在HD-N中；6個成分作為體外釋放檢測指標(biāo)，芍藥內(nèi)酯苷、芍藥苷的累積溶出率：HD-S＞HD-N＞黃芩湯＞HD-P；芹糖甘草苷、黃芩苷、漢黃芩苷、甘草酸的累積溶出率：HD-N＞黃芩湯＞HD-S＞HD-P；各相態(tài)最小抑菌濃度（minimum inhibitory concentration，MIC）：HD-N（0.78～1.56 mg/mL）＜黃芩湯（1.56～6.25 mg/mL）＜HD-S（12.50～25.00 mg/mL）＜HD-P（＞100.00 mg/mL）；黃芩湯不同相態(tài)對須癬毛癬菌菌絲生長、孢子萌發(fā)、生物合成的抑制作用：HD-N最佳（P＜0.05、0.01），其次為黃芩湯、HD-S、HD-P。結(jié)論 黃芩湯不同相態(tài)的抗菌作用強弱與其主要成分分布、體外累積溶出密切相關(guān)且呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系，即主要成分含量越高、成分累積溶出率越高的相態(tài)抗菌作用越強。

Objective To disintegrate the phases of Huangqin Decoction (HD, 黃芩湯) and investigate the anti-dermatophyte effects of different phases. Methods HD was split into precipitation phase (HD-P), solution phase (HD-S) and nano phase (HD-N) by high-speed centrifugation combined with membrane dialysis, and each phase was characterized. The contents of HD active components, polysaccharides and proteins in different phases were determined by HPLC, phenol sulfuric acid method and bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA). The release characteristics of the main components in different phase states were investigated by Franz diffusion cell. Microdilution method was used to investigate the antifungal effects of different phases of HD on four common clinical dermatophytes, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was used as the model strain. The effects of different phases of HD on mycelial growth, spore germination and biomass synthesis were studied. Results A total of 10 components (albiflorin, paeoniflorin, liquiritin apioside, baicalin, melaleuca glycoside A, wogonoside, baicalein, glycyrrhizic acid, wogonin and oroxylin A), protein and polysaccharide were mainly distributed in HD-N. The cumulative dissolution rate of albiflorin and paeoniflorin was HD-S > HD-N > HD > HD-P. The cumulative dissolution rate of liquiritin apioside, baicalin, wogonoside and glycyrrhizic acid was HD-N > HD > HD-S > HD-P; The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each phase was: HD-N (0.78—1.56 mg/mL) < HD (1.56—6.25 mg/mL) < HD-S (12.50—25.00 mg/mL) < HD-P (> 100.00 mg/mL); The inhibitory effects of different phases of HD on mycelium growth, spore germination and biomass synthesis were as follows: HD-N was the best (P < 0.05, 0.01), followed by HD, HD-S and HD-P. Conclusion The antifungal activity of different phases of HD is closely and positively related to the distribution of main components and in vitro cumulative dissolution, that is, the higher the content of main components and the higher the cumulative dissolution rate of components, the stronger the antifungal effect of phase.

R283.6

江西省自然科學(xué)基金青年項目（20232BAB216124）；江西省中醫(yī)藥中青年骨干人才培養(yǎng)對象（贛中醫(yī)藥科教字〔2022〕7號）；贛鄱俊才支持計劃-高層次高技能領(lǐng)軍人才培養(yǎng)工程（贛人社字［2024］69號）