靈芝Ganoderma作為我國(guó)藥食兩用名貴中藥，在中國(guó)已有兩千多年的應(yīng)用歷史。靈芝中的化學(xué)成分包括多糖、多糖肽、三萜類、甾醇、核苷、有機(jī)酸等，其中主要活性成分為靈芝多糖類和三萜類化合物?？偨Y(jié)了靈芝主要活性成分在免疫調(diào)節(jié)、保肝、護(hù)腎、抗氧化、抗腫瘤、抗炎、調(diào)血脂、降血糖等方面藥理活性研究，同時(shí)概述了靈芝多糖類和三萜類物質(zhì)生物合成途徑，以期為高品質(zhì)靈芝功效評(píng)價(jià)和生物合成提供參考依據(jù)，也為靈芝在保健食品和臨床應(yīng)用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。

Fulin (Ganoderma) has been used in China for more than 2 000 years as a precious traditional Chinese medicine that can be used both as food and medicine. The chemical constituents of Ganoderma include polysaccharides, polysaccharide peptides, triterpenoids, sterols, nucleosides, organic acids, etc., among which the main active components are polysaccharides and triterpenoids. Research progress on pharmacological activity of Ganoderma was reviewed in terms of immunomodulation, hepatoprotection, renal protection, antioxidant, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic effects, and the biosynthetic pathways of Ganoderma polysaccharides and triterpenoids were summarized, so as to provide a reference basis for the evaluation of efficacy of high-quality Ganoderma and biosynthesis, as well as a scientific basis for the application of Ganoderma in health food and clinical applications.

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那曲市級(jí)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（NQKJ-2024-20）；福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)科技創(chuàng)新專項(xiàng)基金項(xiàng)目（KFB24058）；國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃子課題二（2023YFD1600502）；福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳農(nóng)業(yè)資源保護(hù)與利用專項(xiàng)（KKY22001XA）；福建省重大專項(xiàng)“菌草種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新及其產(chǎn)業(yè)化利用關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用”（2021NZ0101）